Димиристилфосфат

Description

Dimyristyl phosphate is an acidic diester of phosphoric acid and myristyl (tetradecyl) alcohol. Belongs to the class of alkyl phosphates - anionic surfactants and emulsifiers that combine a hydrophilic phosphate group with two long fatty chains.

Basic Attributes

• CAS No: 1731315
• Chemical Formula: C28H59O4P
• Molecular Weight: 490.73900
• Exact weight: 490.74
• EU number: 229-651-0
• UNII: P9CFW1UH96
• NSC Number: 12428
• DSSTox ID: DTXSID3064437
• HS code: 2919900090
• PSA Specifications: 65.57000
• XLogP3: 10.52220

Physico-chemical characteristics

• Density: 0.934 g/cm3
• Melting point: 65.5–67.1 °C
• Boiling point: 555.5 °C at 760 mm Hg. Art.
• Flash point: 289.8 °C
• Refractive index: 1.459

Scope of application

An alkyl phosphate emulsifier that stabilizes oil-in-water and water-in-oil emulsions through the combination of a polar phosphate group and two hydrophobic myristyl tails. It is used in cosmetic formulations - sunscreens, hair conditioners, hair coloring compositions, where it ensures emulsion stability and soft texture of the product. In the food industry, alkyl phosphates of this type are used as emulsifiers in dressings and sauces. It is also considered as a component that improves the delivery of active ingredients in pharmaceutical emulsion systems.

Storage and transportation

Solid with a melting point of 65.5–67.1 °C, store in a closed container at room temperature, away from strong oxidizing agents. No special hazard classification is provided in the supplier’s passport; The substance belongs to the class of alkyl phosphates, which are generally considered to be non-irritating ingredients when used routinely in cosmetic and food formulations.

Class of alkyl phosphates

Alkyl phosphate emulsifiers form a wide family of surfactants, which, in addition to dimyristyl phosphate, includes dicetyl phosphate and other phosphoric acid diesters with different alkyl chain lengths. A common feature of the class is the ability to create a charged (anionic) surface layer on emulsion droplets, which ensures electrostatic repulsion of droplets from each other and increases the stability of the emulsion to coalescence during storage and temperature fluctuations. The length of the alkyl chain (in this case C14, myristyl) determines the balance of hydrophilicity and lipophilicity of the molecule and, accordingly, the type of emulsion obtained.

Technological features

As a crystalline solid with a melting point of 65.5–67.1 °C, dimyristyl phosphate is usually introduced into the oil phase of the formulation when heated above the melting point before subsequent emulsification with the aqueous phase - this ensures uniform distribution of the emulsifier at the interface of the finished product throughout the entire production batch.