Трет-бутилгидропероксид

Description

Tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP, tert-butyl hydroperoxide) is an organic peroxide, CAS 75-91-2, gross formula C4H10O2. The commercial product is a clear, colorless, watery-white liquid, usually supplied in the form of a 70% aqueous solution, but 80% solutions are also available.

Basic Attributes

• CAS No.: 75-91-2
• Chemical formula: C4H10O2
• Molecular weight: 90.12; exact weight: 90.12
• BRN: 1098280
• EU number: 200-915-7
• HS code: 29094990
• PSA: 29.5
• XLogP3 (calculated): -1.3

Physico-chemical characteristics

• Appearance: transparent colorless liquid
• Density: 0.8960 g/cm3 at 20 °C
• Melting point: -8 °C
• Boiling point: 35 °C at 20 Torr
• Flash point: 85°F (about 29°C)
• Refractive index: 1.399
• Solubility in water: soluble

Scope of application

TBHP is a radical polymerization initiator, used to initiate emulsion and suspension polymerization of synthetic rubbers and latexes. In organic synthesis, it serves as a reagent for introducing peroxy groups into the molecule and as an oxidizing agent in olefin epoxidation reactions, including in the industrial process of joint production of propylene oxide and tert-butanol (Halcon/ARCO method). It is used for the oxidation of secondary alcohols to ketones and primary alcohols to aldehydes, sulfides to sulfoxides, usually in the presence of catalytic quantities of transition metals (titanium, vanadium, molybdenum). Also used as a hardener for unsaturated polyester resins, a crosslinking initiator for silicone rubbers, and a component of bleaching compounds.

Hazardous properties and storage features

TBHP vapors are capable of burning in the absence of air and ignite at elevated temperatures or reduced pressure. The fine mist or aerosol of the product is capable of igniting at temperatures below the normal flash point. When the solution evaporates, the residual concentrate is more flammable than the original solution due to an increase in peroxide concentration - contact of the concentrated product with porous organic materials (fabric, wood, paper) increases the risk of spontaneous combustion.

Reactivity

As an organic peroxide, TBHP is thermally unstable at elevated temperatures and is capable of exothermic decomposition releasing oxygen; incompatible with reducing agents, transition metal compounds in high concentrations, acids and bases that accelerate decomposition. Storage requires temperature control and avoidance of contact with contaminants that catalyze peroxide breakdown.

Classification

The EC number 200-915-7 secures the substance as an independent entry in the European register of chemical substances; HS code 29094990 classifies the product in the organic peroxides heading for customs classification purposes.

What is not transferred from the dump

The dump fragment ends at the description of the residual concentrate after evaporation (“During evaporation, residual l”) - then the text of the source is chopped off, the continuation of the phrase is inaccessible and cannot be speculated.